Abstract: Optimization of stellarators towards low fusion alpha particle losses is a critical task beyond usual transport optimization. Combining symplectic integration methods with classifiers acting on footprints in a Poincaré section in phase space have been shown to accelerate this task significantly. The underlying principle is the distinction of regular orbits that are either promptly or never lost, and chaotic orbits for which final predictions can only be made by tracing them directly. Collisionless orbits can move only along contours of constant magnetic moment in phase-space. This leads to the requirement of regular orbits on a discrete set of magnetic flux surfaces. These act as staggered barriers that cannot be crossed by collisionless alpha particle orbits. We demonstrate that the approach remains valid also to minimize collisional energy losses.

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